manufacturers are businesses or individuals who produce goods or products on a large scale for sale. Manufacturers can be involved in various industries, ranging from electronics, automotive, clothing, and food production, to medical devices and consumer goods. They operate facilities, such as factories or plants, where raw materials are transformed into finished products that are then distributed to retailers or wholesalers. In the context of e-commerce, manufacturers play a crucial role in sourcing products for online stores, as retailers often rely on manufacturers to produce products in bulk and maintain consistent quality. Many online businesses, particularly those focused on private-label products, work directly with manufacturers to create unique offerings for their customers. This relationship between manufacturers and e-commerce businesses is fundamental to the supply chain.